bims-engexo 2025-01-19 papers

Surv Ophthalmol. 2025 Jan 14. pii: S0039-6257(25)00010-4. [Epub ahead of print]

Extracellular vesicles in dry eye disease and Sjogren syndrome: A systematic review on their diagnostic and therapeutic role.

Prakshi Chopra, Asra Fatima, Sonali Mohapatra, Kavipriya Murugaiyan, Geeta K Vemuganti, Aravind K Rengan, Stephanie L Watson, Vivek Singh, Sayan Basu, Swati Singh.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), defined as membrane-bound vesicles released from all cells, are being explored for their diagnostic and therapeutic role in dry eye disease (DED). We systematically shortlisted 32 articles on the role of EVs in diagnosing and treating DED. The systematic review covers the progress in the last 2 decades about the classification and isolation of EVs and their role in DED. The diagnostic predictability of exosomes was evaluated in Sjogren syndrome (SS) patients' tears, plasma, and saliva, where upregulation of inflammatory proteins was reported uniformly across studies. Also, the therapeutic effects of MSC-derived EVs in in vitro and in vivo studies of SS and DED mouse models were evaluated. A significant response occurs at a functional level with improved tear production and saliva flow rate and at a cellular level with reduced lymphocyte infiltration, improved corneal structural integrity, decreased epithelial cell apoptosis, and dampening of the inflammatory cytokine response. The proposed mechanisms of EV action include PD-L1, PRDM, NLRP-3, and Nf-kb pathways and an increase in M2 macrophage phenotype. Current use of exosomes in DED is limited due to their cumbersome isolation. Further research on human subjects is needed, in addition to optimizing exosome isolation and delivery methods.

Keywords: Dry eye disease; Exosomes; Extracellular vehicles; Lacrimal gland; Sjogren’s syndrome

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.01.003

Mol Cancer. 2025 Jan 13. 24(1): 13

Emerging role of exosomes in cancer therapy: progress and challenges.

Jiale Li, Jiachong Wang, Zigui Chen.

This review highlights recent progress in exosome-based drug delivery for cancer therapy, covering exosome biogenesis, cargo selection mechanisms, and their application across multiple cancer types. As small extracellular vesicles, exosomes exhibit high biocompatibility and low immunogenicity, making them ideal drug delivery vehicles capable of efficiently targeting cancer cells, minimizing off-target damage and side effects. This review aims to explore the potential of exosomes in cancer therapy, with a focus on applications in chemotherapy, gene therapy, and immunomodulation. Additionally, challenges related to exosome production and standardization are analyzed, highlighting the importance of addressing these issues for their clinical application. In conclusion, exosome-based drug delivery systems offer promising potential for future cancer therapies. Further research should aim to enhance production efficiency and facilitate clinical translation, paving the way for innovative cancer treatment strategies.

Keywords: Cancer therapy; Clinical application; Exosome-based drug delivery; Exosomes

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-024-02215-4

Anal Chem. 2025 Jan 14. 97(1): 741-748

Engineering Peptide-Based Molecular Baits for Targeted Fishing and Protein Profiling of Exosomes as a Liquid Biopsy for Gastrointestinal Adenocarcinoma.

Kun Xu, Yanting Hao, Han Gao, Huixia Feng, Jian Chen, Rui Zhao, Yanyan Huang.

High-performance isolation of exosomes as a promising liquid biopsy target is of great importance for both fundamental research and clinical applications. This is, however, challenged by the prevalent heterogeneity of exosomes and the highly complex nature of biosamples. Here, we introduce the use of a CD81-targeting peptide as a building block for tailoring molecular baits for exosome isolation and payload analysis in clinical biofluids. To explore the full potential of multivalent interactions, peptide-functionalized affinity interfaces were covalently engineered with varied assembling topology, flexibility, and local density of the recognition motif. Capable of best fitting the surface conformation of CD81 on highly curved exosome membranes, a dual-layered exosome capture affinity interface (Exo-PepTrap2) with tandem bivalent peptide decoration outperforms the monolayered and the branched multivalent architectures. Enabled by the multivalency-enhanced affinity reaction and antifouling ability, Exo-PepTrap2 achieved a high yield and purity for targeted fishing of exosomes in complex cell culture media and clinical urine samples. By integration of Exo-PepTrap2 isolation with mass spectrometry-based proteomic profiling, differentially expressed proteins were efficiently identified in harvested exosomes as potential biomarkers for gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma. This CD81-targeted tandem peptide-functionalized affinity platform provides a new viewpoint for tailoring multivalency-based affinity interfaces and a versatile tool to explore molecular information in exosomes for precise medicine.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.4c05186

J Cosmet Dermatol. 2025 Jan;24(1): e16776

Efficacy of Rose Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes (RSCEs) in Skin Treatment: From Healing to Hyperpigmentation Management: Case Series and Review.

Lidia Majewska, Karolina Dorosz, Jacek Kijowski.

OBJECTIVE: To present and analyze eight clinical cases illustrating the use of rose stem cell-derived exosomes (RSCEs) in treating various dermatological conditions and to review current literature on plant-derived exosomes in medicine and dermatology.
BACKGROUND: RSCEs possess low cytotoxicity, high biocompatibility, and effective cellular uptake, making them promising agents for dermatological therapies. A literature review included in the introduction and discussion covers the broader role of plant-derived exosomes, highlighting their therapeutic potential in skin treatment.
METHODS: A case-by-case analysis was conducted on eight patients with conditions including atopic dermatitis (AD), hyperpigmentation, scarring, wounds, melasma, and antiaging concerns. Each case provided insights into RSCEs' efficacy, with a focus on their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as specific learning points derived from clinical observations.
RESULTS: The cases demonstrated RSCEs' multifaceted therapeutic effects across different skin conditions, supporting their role in enhancing skin regeneration, wound healing, and reducing hyperpigmentation and scarring. The literature review underscored RSCEs' unique bioactivity, suggesting mechanisms for their observed effects, including anti-inflammatory and rejuvenating properties, which contributed to favorable clinical outcomes.
CONCLUSION: RSCEs show potential as a valuable treatment in dermatology, as evidenced by the positive results across multiple skin conditions and their alignment with existing literature on plant-derived exosomes. This case series emphasizes the need for further randomized and controlled clinical trials to confirm these preliminary findings and expand RSCEs' clinical application in dermatology.

Keywords: Anti‐inflammatory effects of exosomes; Exosome innovations in scar repair; Exosomes in skin regeneration; Exosome‐driven therapies in aesthetics; Hyperpigmentation management using exosomes; Plant‐derived exosome therapies; Regenerative medicine with exosomes; Rose stem cell exosomes in dermatology; Skin barrier enhancement through exosomes; Wound healing with exosome‐based treatments

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.16776