bims-exocan 2025-08-31 papers

Issue of 2025–08–31
three papers selected by
Muhammad Rizwan, COMSATS University

Int J Nanomedicine. 2025 ;20 9899-9929

Nanotechnology-Enhanced Extracellular Vesicles -Based Chipsets in Early Cancer Detection and Theranostics.

Swastika Maitra, Subham Sarkar, Muktesh Chandra, Suhas Ballal, Rishiv Kalia, Renu Arya, Magdi E A Zaki, Daniel Ejim Uti.

Nanotechnology has revolutionized cancer diagnostics, particularly through exosome-based chipsets that offer early, non-invasive, and highly sensitive detection. These nanoscale platforms isolate and analyze extracellular vesicles (exosomes) carrying molecular signatures from cancer cells. Microfluidic and material science innovations enable detection from body fluids with high specificity, surpassing conventional diagnostic tools. Engineered exosomes also offer therapeutic potential, especially in targeting metastasis. This review explores exosome formation, roles in cancer, and the latest advancements in chipset technology, emphasizing their diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Despite challenges in standardization and clinical integration, ongoing research and trials indicate a transformative shift in cancer care driven by exosome-based technologies. Special emphasis is placed on chip-integrated nanotechnologies developed for exosome isolation and analysis, detailing recent innovations, device specifications, and diagnostic potential. The review aims to bridge the gap between fundamental exosome biology and the translational relevance of chip-based platforms in clinical cancer diagnostics.

Keywords: biomarkers; cancer detection; exosomes; microfluidics; nanotechnology

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S529128

Front Cell Dev Biol. 2025 ;13 1608480

Engineered exosomes: a promising design platform for overcoming cancer therapy resistance.

Peng Zhang, Kai Chen, Weifeng Liu, Xiaoying Niu, Xin Wang, Jiaqiang Wang, Weitao Yao, Xiaodong Tang, Wen Tian.

Therapeutic resistance is a formidable barrier in cancer treatment, necessitating innovative solutions to enhance drug efficacy. Exosomes, with their unparalleled biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and robust cargo protection, have emerged as groundbreaking nanocarriers. This review unveils the transformative potential of exosomes in overcoming drug resistance - encompassing chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy - in a wide spectrum of tumors. Through advanced genetic and non-genetic modifications, exosomes can dramatically enhance drug targeting and cytotoxicity, offering unprecedented precision in treatment. We explore state-of-the-art exosome engineering techniques, their revolutionary applications in clinical trials, and their promise as the next Frontier in therapeutic innovation. This comprehensive review aims to capture the cutting-edge developments and future directions of exosome-based therapies, positioning them as a cornerstone of next-generation oncology.

Keywords: chemotherapy resistance; engineered exosome; immunotherapy resistance; precise treatment; targeted therapy resistance

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2025.1608480

Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Aug 15. pii: 7890. [Epub ahead of print]26(16):

CAR Cell-Derived Exosomes in Cancer Therapy: Biogenesis, Engineering Strategies and Antitumor Mechanisms.

Chaohua Si, Yuanyuan Li, Yunwen Wang, Jianen Gao, Xu Ma.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) cell therapy, encompassing CAR T, CAR NK, and CAR macrophage cells, demonstrates high efficacy in tumor treatment, conferring durable and effective responses, notably in hematologic malignancies. However, challenges persist in the manufacture of CAR cells, and treatment is associated with serious adverse events, notably cytokine release syndrome (CRS), a potentially life-threatening complication. Owing to the inherent properties of exosomes, CAR cell-derived exosomes offer distinct advantages in cancer therapeutics. CAR cells-derived exosomes retain the inherent tumor-killing function of the parent cells while also exhibiting key practical advantages, including wide availability, safety, and ease of storage and transport. Furthermore, CAR cell-derived exosomes can be combined with other tumor therapies; this combinatorial approach significantly enhances efficacy while reducing side effects. To accelerate the clinical translation of CAR cell-derived exosomes in tumor therapy, this paper reviews their biogenesis, engineering strategies, antitumor mechanisms and clinical evidence, including case studies of combination therapies with other antitumor modalities.

Keywords: CAR cells-derived exosomes; biogenesis; clinical translation; mechanism; tumor therapy

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26167890