bims-inflin Biomed News
on Inflammasome and infection
Issue of 2025–01–05
two papers selected by
Juliane Cristina Ribeiro Fernandes, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto
  1. Transplantation of gasdermin pores by extracellular vesicles propagates pyroptosis to bystander cells.
  2. Advances in research on the impact and mechanisms of pathogenic microorganism infections on pyroptosis.
  1. Cell. 2024 Dec 26. pii: S0092-8674(24)01334-5. [Epub ahead of print]
    Transplantation of gasdermin pores by extracellular vesicles propagates pyroptosis to bystander cells.
    Skylar S Wright, Puja Kumari, Víctor Fraile-Ágreda, Chengliang Wang, Sonia Shivcharan, Shirin Kappelhoff, Eleonora G Margheritis, Alyssa Matz, Swathy O Vasudevan, Ignacio Rubio, Michael Bauer, Beiyan Zhou, Sivapriya Kailasan Vanaja, Katia Cosentino, Jianbin Ruan, Vijay A Rathinam.
      Pyroptosis mediated by gasdermins (GSDMs) plays crucial roles in infection and inflammation. Pyroptosis triggers the release of inflammatory molecules, including damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). However, the consequences of pyroptosis-especially beyond interleukin (IL)-1 cytokines and DAMPs-that govern inflammation are poorly defined. Here, we show intercellular propagation of pyroptosis from dying cells to bystander cells in vitro and in vivo. We identified extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by pyroptotic cells as the propagator of lytic death to naive cells, promoting inflammation. DNA-PAINT super-resolution and immunoelectron microscopy revealed GSDMD pore structures on EVs released by pyroptotic cells. Importantly, pyroptotic EVs transplant GSDMD pores on the plasma membrane of bystander cells and kill them. Overall, we demonstrate that cell-to-cell vesicular transplantation of GSDMD pores disseminates pyroptosis, revealing a domino-like effect governing disease-associated bystander cell death.
    Keywords:  GSDMD; bystander; caspase-1; caspase-11; gasdermin; inflammasomes; pyroptosis; sepsis
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2024.11.018
  2. Front Microbiol. 2024 ;15 1503130
    Advances in research on the impact and mechanisms of pathogenic microorganism infections on pyroptosis.
    Pan Shang, Mailin Gan, Ziang Wei, Shijie Hu, Lei Song, Jinkang Feng, Lei Chen, Lili Niu, Yan Wang, Shunhua Zhang, Linyuan Shen, Li Zhu, Ye Zhao.
      Pyroptosis, also known as inflammatory necrosis, is a form of programmed cell death characterized by the activation of gasdermin proteins, leading to the formation of pores in the cell membrane, continuous cell swelling, and eventual membrane rupture. This process results in the release of intracellular contents, including pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β and IL-18, which subsequently trigger a robust inflammatory response. This process is a crucial component of the body's innate immune response and plays a significant role in combating infections. There are four main pathways through which pathogenic microorganisms induce pyroptosis: the canonical inflammasome pathway, the non-canonical inflammasome pathway, the apoptosis-associated caspase-mediated pathway, and the granzyme-mediated pathway. This article provides a brief overview of the effects and mechanisms of pathogen infections on pyroptosis.
    Keywords:  caspase; granzyme; inflammasome; pathogenic microorganisms; pyroptosis
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1503130
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