bims-librar Biomed News
on Biomedical librarianship
Issue of 2023‒06‒04
23 papers selected by
Thomas Krichel
Open Library Society
  1. Retrieve, Summarize, and Verify: How will ChatGPT impact information seeking from the medical literature?
  2. New to health information, library or knowledge work ….
  3. Integrating diversity, equity, and inclusion principles into instruction: Case studies from the University of Florida's Health Science Center Libraries.
  4. Partnering with health sciences libraries to address challenges in bioimaging data management and sharing.
  5. Performance-Based Measurement of eHealth Literacy: Systematic Scoping Review.
  6. Significance of including grey literature search in systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
  7. Use of deprescribing search filters in systematic review search strategies: a case study.
  8. Perceived and performed electronic health literacy of medical sciences students.
  9. What are the post-treatment information needs of rural cancer survivors in Australia? A systematic literature review.
  10. Assessment of readability and quality of patient education materials specific to nocturnal enuresis.
  11. Cancer-related information behavior among black and hispanics in an NCI-designated comprehensive cancer center catchment.
  12. Upper Extremity Spasticity: The Quality of Online Patient Resources.
  13. Burn Prevention in Spanish: Assessment of Content Accuracy, Website Quality, and Readability of Online Sources.
  14. Losing your head? An evaluation of the readability and reliability of patient information available online for avascular necrosis of the head of the femur.
  15. YouTube® as a source of information for patients with gastrointestinal disease.
  16. Analysis of transurethral resection of prostate videos on YouTube™: Educational quality assessment.
  17. Telemedicine and YouTube™: Video quality analysis before and after COVID-19 pandemic.
  18. COVID-19 misinformation on YouTube: An analysis of its impact and subsequent online information searches for verification.
  19. Reliability and accuracy of varicocoele videos in YouTube.
  20. YouTube as a source of patient information for pterygium surgery.
  21. Analysis of YouTube© Videos Regarding Breastfeeding During the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic.
  22. What Are Patients Asking and Reading Online? An Analysis of Online Patient Searches for Rotator Cuff Repair.
  23. Features of a FAIR vocabulary.
  1. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2023 May 31.
    Retrieve, Summarize, and Verify: How will ChatGPT impact information seeking from the medical literature?
    Qiao Jin, Robert Leaman, Zhiyong Lu.
      
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.0000000000000166
  2. Health Info Libr J. 2023 May 30.
    New to health information, library or knowledge work ….
    Maria J Grant.
      Dissertations into Practice is changing. Details on how those new to health information, library and knowledge work can get involved coming shortly.
    Keywords:  continuing professional development (CPD); dissertations; informationist; librarians; library and information professionals; library assistants; lifelong learning; outreach librarian; professional development; scholarly communication
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12488
  3. Health Info Libr J. 2023 Jun 01.
    Integrating diversity, equity, and inclusion principles into instruction: Case studies from the University of Florida's Health Science Center Libraries.
    Jane Morgan-Daniel, Hannah F Norton, Mary Edwards, Lauren Adkins.
      Librarians at the University of Florida Health Science Center Libraries have begun to intentionally incorporate diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) principles into teaching during design, implementation, and evaluation. This article uses four case studies to provide an overview of the librarians' approaches to inclusive teaching (1) an annual workshop for Physical Therapy students on the intersection between DEI, health literacy, and patient education; (2) a librarian-taught one-credit course for public health students, which was revised to create a more inviting syllabus and integrate elements of universal design; (3) an annual project for first year medical students highlighting health disparities and community resources; and (4) piloting the application of critical librarianship principles in library standalone sessions on database searching and reference management. Suggestions are provided for other librarians who are interested in developing a culture of inclusive teaching in their own libraries.
    Keywords:  United States of America; case reports; education and training; health literacy; instructional design; libraries, health science; literature searching; patient education; students, health; students, medical
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12490
  4. Histochem Cell Biol. 2023 May 29.
    Partnering with health sciences libraries to address challenges in bioimaging data management and sharing.
    Christie Silkotch, Rolando Garcia-Milian, Denise Hersey.
      Federal mandates, publishing requirements, and an interest in open science have all generated renewed attention on research data management and, in particular, data sharing practices. Due to the size and types of data they produce, bioimaging researchers confront specific challenges in aligning their data with FAIR principles, ensuring that it is findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable. Although not always recognized by researchers, libraries can, and have been, offering support for data throughout its lifecycle by assisting with data management planning, acquisition, processing and analysis, and sharing and reuse of data. Libraries can educate researchers on best practices for research data management and sharing, facilitate connections to experts by coordinating sessions using peer educators and appropriate vendors, help assess the needs of different researcher groups to identify challenges or gaps, recommend appropriate repositories to make data as accessible as possible, and comply with funder and publisher requirements. As a centralized service within an institution, health sciences libraries have the capability to bridge silos and connect bioimaging researchers with specialized data support across campus and beyond.
    Keywords:  Computer assisted; Data management; Image processing; Libraries; Multimodal imaging
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-023-02198-1
  5. J Med Internet Res. 2023 Jun 02. 25 e44602
    Performance-Based Measurement of eHealth Literacy: Systematic Scoping Review.
    Bradley Crocker, Olivia Feng, Lindsay R Duncan.
      BACKGROUND: eHealth literacy describes the ability to locate, comprehend, evaluate, and apply web-based health information to a health problem. In studies of eHealth literacy, researchers have primarily assessed participants' perceived eHealth literacy using a short self-report instrument, for which ample research has shown little to no association with actual performed eHealth-related skills. Performance-based measures of eHealth literacy may be more effective at assessing actual eHealth skills, yet such measures seem to be scarcer in the literature.OBJECTIVE: The primary purpose of this study was to identify tools that currently exist to measure eHealth literacy based on objective performance. A secondary purpose of this study was to characterize the prevalence of performance-based measurement of eHealth literacy in the literature compared with subjective measurement.
    METHODS: We conducted a systematic scoping review of the literature, aligning with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist, in 3 stages: conducting the search, screening articles, and extracting data into a summary table. The summary table includes terminology for eHealth literacy, description of participants, instrument design, health topics used, and a brief note on the evidence of validity for each performance-based measurement tool. A total of 1444 unique articles retrieved from 6 relevant databases (MEDLINE; PsycINFO; CINAHL; Library and Information Science Abstracts [LISA]; Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts [LISTA]; and Education Resources Information Center [ERIC]) were considered for inclusion, of which 313 (21.68%) included a measure of eHealth literacy.
    RESULTS: Among the 313 articles that included a measure of eHealth literacy, we identified 33 (10.5%) that reported on 29 unique performance-based eHealth literacy measurement tools. The types of tools ranged from having participants answer health-related questions using the internet, having participants engage in simulated internet tasks, and having participants evaluate website quality to quizzing participants on their knowledge of health and the web-based health information-seeking process. In addition, among the 313 articles, we identified 280 (89.5%) that measured eHealth literacy using only a self-rating tool.
    CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first research synthesis looking specifically at performance-based measures of eHealth literacy and may direct researchers toward existing performance-based measurement tools to be applied in future projects. We discuss some of the key benefits and drawbacks of different approaches to performance-based measurement of eHealth literacy. Researchers with an interest in gauging participants' actual eHealth literacy (as opposed to perceived eHealth literacy) should make efforts to incorporate tools such as those identified in this systematic scoping review.
    Keywords:  eHEALS; eHealth Literacy Scale; eHealth literacy; health literacy; librarian; library science; measurement; performance-based; review method; scoping review; search strategy
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.2196/44602
  6. Saudi J Anaesth. 2023 Apr-Jun;17(2):17(2): 295-296
    Significance of including grey literature search in systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
    Abhijit Nair, Nitin K Borkar.
      
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.4103/sja.sja_635_22
  7. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2023 Jun 02.
    Use of deprescribing search filters in systematic review search strategies: a case study.
    Thomas Morel, Clara H Heinrich, Lorène Zerah, Eoin Hurley, Antoine Christiaens, Jean-Pascal Fournier.
      
    Keywords:  Embase; MEDLINE; deprescribing; methodological filters; research methodology; review and systematic search; search strategies
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.13908
  8. Health Info Libr J. 2023 May 27.
    Perceived and performed electronic health literacy of medical sciences students.
    Rezvan Ghaedi, Maryam Shekofteh, Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi, Ahmadreza Baghestani.
      BACKGROUND: Evidence indicates that perceived skills for searching the Internet for health information may differ from actual skills in searching, finding, and appraising health information.OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the perceived and performed eHealth literacy of medical sciences students, as well as the relationships between those literacies.
    METHODS: This study enrolled 228 medical sciences students (convenience sample) in Iran. The study tools include the eHEALS literacy scale for the perceived eHealth literacy and a questionnaire designed by the authors to assess performed eHealth literacy (skills around access, understanding, appraising, applying, and generating information). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and the Pearson correlation coefficient.
    RESULTS: In general, over 70% of students perceived their skills of access and appraisal as good/very good, correlating with their estimated performance. Students perceived they were less confident in some appraisal skills (e.g., using information from the Internet to make health decisions) than others. Performed skills in information generation were mostly poor or very good; performed application skills generally good/very good.
    CONCLUSIONS: The eHEALS score scales with actual skills (access and appraisal). Support is necessary for students in particular types of appraisal skills.
    Keywords:  health literacy; information skills; internet; students, health sciences
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12487
  9. Psychooncology. 2023 May 29.
    What are the post-treatment information needs of rural cancer survivors in Australia? A systematic literature review.
    Belinda C Goodwin, Leah Zajdlewicz, Anna Stiller, Elizabeth A Johnston, Larry Myers, Joanne F Aitken, Rebecca J Bergin, Raymond J Chan, Fiona Crawford-Williams, Jon D Emery.
      OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic literature review to critically assess the met and unmet post-treatment information needs of cancer survivors living in rural communities in Australia, to inform the improvement of survivors' transition from treatment in major cities to community care.METHODS: Cumulative index of nursing and allied health literature, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL and Academic Search Ultimate databases and websites of 118 cancer organisations were searched for relevant Australian studies published since 2006. Key search terms included 'rural', 'remote', 'regional', 'cancer', 'survivor*', 'living with', and 'post-treatment'. Data reflecting study source, aims, methodology, and reported information needs were extracted and summarised. Study quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute tools.
    RESULTS: Fifty-two articles met eligibility criteria. Only six of these specified a primary aim of understanding information needs for rural cancer survivors. Information on prognosis and recovery; managing treatment side effects; healthy lifestyle choices; referrals to support services, and face-to-face and written delivery of information at multiple time points were reported as needed and often lacking for rural cancer survivors.
    CONCLUSIONS: Co-ordinated, multi-step provision of information to support health and recovery after cancer treatment and beyond is likely to be particularly important for rural cancer survivors given their broad range of needs and reduced access to health care services. Findings provide useful recommendations to facilitate patients' transition home to rural communities after cancer treatment in major cities, however, an increased understanding of the information needs of rural survivors is required to inform the development of guidelines that can be used in clinical practice.
    Keywords:  Australia; cancer; information needs; oncology; rural; survivor; systematic review
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.6169
  10. J Pediatr Urol. 2023 May 04. pii: S1477-5131(23)00201-2. [Epub ahead of print]
    Assessment of readability and quality of patient education materials specific to nocturnal enuresis.
    Juhi M Mohile, Joan B Luzon, Gunjan Agrawal, Neha R Malhotra, Kathleen M Kan.
      BACKGROUND: Bedwetting, or nocturnal enuresis (NE), is a common childhood disease. Families increasingly turn to free online resources for health education in order to navigate treatment options.OBJECTIVE: We aim to determine the readability and quality of online health information that families may encounter when searching for information on pediatric NE.
    STUDY DESIGN: The search term 'bedwetting' was queried in commonly used search engines. Included articles were further categorized as institutional/reference, commercial, non-profit/charitable, or personal. An online readability platform calculated 3 commonly used readability assessments as well as a consensus score. Quality was assessed by two independent pediatric urologists using a validated DISCERN instrument. Differences in readability were further assessed by article category type.
    RESULTS: 36 websites were reviewed, 3 did not include treatment options and were not included in quality assessment. 55.6% of the articles were categorized as institutional/reference, 27.8% as non-profit/charitable, 11.1% as personal, and 5.6% as commercial. The average, standard deviation, and range of readability level were as follows: overall consensus score = 9.56 ± 2.09, FK Grade Level Formula score = 9.38 ± 2.17 (range 5.8-14.1), SMOG Index score = 8.89 ± 1.79 (range 6.4-12.9), and the GF Index score = 11.86 ± 2.34 (range 8.4-16.9). The overall consensus score, 9.56, correlates to a 9th-grade reading level. 16 articles were considered to be of 'good' quality, 12 of 'fair' quality, and 5 of 'poor' quality; according to the DISCERN scoring. There was no statistically significant difference in readability scores across website categories. Two articles included the outdated treatment option of intranasal DDAVP.
    DISCUSSION: These findings are concordant with the increasing body of literature demonstrating that patient education materials are too difficult to read. Pediatric urologists should be aware of the readability and quality of available online content for common clinical presentations. They can ensure that institutional articles online are useful to patients by participating in the development and design of these materials.
    CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that online articles that families encounter via a search engine query for bedwetting are written at a higher level than recommended and the majority are of 'fair' quality. There is much room for improvement for institutions to provide high quality, readable content that supports the needs of families seeking information on NE.
    Keywords:  Nocturnal enuresis; Online health information; Quality; Readability
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2023.05.001
  11. Patient Educ Couns. 2023 May 26. pii: S0738-3991(23)00192-1. [Epub ahead of print]114 107812
    Cancer-related information behavior among black and hispanics in an NCI-designated comprehensive cancer center catchment.
    James E Andrews, Janelle Applequist, Heather L Ward, Lindsay N Fuzzell, Susan T Vadaparampil.
      OBJECTIVE: This study aims to better understand health behaviors, particularly health information seeking, and how this impacts cancer care within underserved minority populations in a specific catchment area in Florida.METHODS: We conducted an analysis of survey data from a 2019 community health survey conducted by the Moffit Cancer Center (MCC). We utilized the Comprehensive Model of Information Seeking (CMIS) as a framework and performed structural equation modeling (SEM) and related statistical analyses.
    RESULTS: Our findings confirm that characteristics and demographics present a positive relationship to Online Health Information Seeking (OHIS). We also found that Utility had a negative significant relationship to OHIS.
    CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that the CMIS is a useful framework for studying cancer-related information seeking, and that when properly executed in the confines of a study, can lend itself to in-depth statistical analyses as found in SEM.
    IMPLICATIONS: The SEM revealed the CMIS to be promising with results in our analysis worthy of further investigation of cancer care and healthcare information access considering undeserved and minority populations.
    PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Models such as the CMIS can be useful for understanding information seeking behaviors and to design information and communication interventions to improve access and health outcomes.
    Keywords:  Cancer disparities; Comprehensive Model of Information Seeking; Information seeking behaviors
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2023.107812
  12. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2023 May 24.
    Upper Extremity Spasticity: The Quality of Online Patient Resources.
    Tyler Larkin, Victor Martinez, Thomas Scully, Diego Martinez, Corey Hayes, Monica Verduzco-Gutierrez.
      OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality, readability, content, accessibility, and structure of online resources for patients with upper-extremity spasticity.DESIGN: This was a cross sectional study examined internet searches across three search engines related to patient resources for upper extremity spasticity. Search phrases for either hand or upper-extremity spasticity were used. The top 20 websites from each search were evaluated using the four-readability metrics and the DISCERN scale for quality assessment. YouTube videos with exact search phrases were evaluated using DISCERN. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software.
    RESULTS: Thirty-six websites and thirty-three videos met the inclusion criteria for this study. The average Flesh-Kincaid Grade Level of the websites was 11.7 ± 3.1, showing low website readability. According to this index, only two websites were written at the suggested 6th-grade level (5.4%). With a maximum score of 75, the mean DISCERN score for both websites and videos scored in the "good" range (53.5 ± 8 and 50.5 ± 6.6), respectively.
    CONCLUSION: Current online resources for upper extremity spasticity are good in quality but are written above the health literacy level of American citizens. Organizations should consider reviewing their present materials and developing high-quality patient education materials that are easier to understand.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0000000000002297
  13. J Burn Care Res. 2023 May 30. pii: irad081. [Epub ahead of print]
    Burn Prevention in Spanish: Assessment of Content Accuracy, Website Quality, and Readability of Online Sources.
    Miguel D Gonzalez, Pilar Ortega, Bryce K Hendren-Santiago, T Justin Gillenwater, Sebastian Q Vrouwe.
      Burn prevention information may be inadequate or inaccessible to communities with non-English language preference. Our objective was to systematically analyze the content accuracy, website quality, and readability of online Spanish information for burn prevention in the home and compare it to English websites. We collected the top ten burn prevention results from a search on Google, Bing, and Yahoo using a list of Spanish key terms. Using recommendations from national organizations and a burn care expert team, content accuracy was evaluated for each website. We assessed website quality following the "Health on the Net" Code of Conduct. Readability was scored by averaging five validated readability tests for the Spanish language. After using the same protocol, a comparison was made with English websites as a control. Once duplicates and non-relevant search results were removed, 23 Spanish websites were assessed. Out of 21 possible points for content accuracy, the top website scored 14 (67%) and the average score was 6.6 (31%). For website quality, the average score was 50%. The average grade level needed to read the websites was 8.6. Compared to English, Spanish websites were less accurate (31% vs. 41%), harder to read (9.8 vs 7.8), but were of higher website quality (50% vs. 43%). Online burn prevention information in Spanish is often inaccurate, incomplete, and inferior to available English language websites. We propose a call to action to increase the quality of online burn prevention material available in Spanish.
    Keywords:  Burn prevention; Internet; Spanish; Website
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irad081
  14. Surgeon. 2023 May 25. pii: S1479-666X(23)00056-2. [Epub ahead of print]
    Losing your head? An evaluation of the readability and reliability of patient information available online for avascular necrosis of the head of the femur.
    Amber Downes, Ciaran Stanley, Ryan Donnelly, Terence Murphy.
      TITLE: Losing your head? An evaluation of the readability and reliability of patient information available online for Avascular Necrosis of the Head of Femur.BACKGROUND: Avascular necrosis of the head of femur commonly affects patients with an average age of 58.3 years, and is generally managed in the elective setting, allowing patients a timeframe to research their diagnosis and management options. The aim of this study is to evaluate the readability and reliability of the information available online to patients about this condition.
    METHODS: Google, Bing and Yahoo internet search engines were utilised, using the search terms "Avascular necrosis head of femur" and "hip avascular necrosis", with the first 30 URLs selected for analysis. Readability was assessed using an online readability calculator to produce 3 scores (Gunning FOG, Flesch Kincaid Grade and Flesch Reading Ease). Information quality was assessed using a HONcode detection web-extension and the JAMA benchmark criteria.
    RESULTS: 86 webpages were identified for inclusion for assessment.
    CONCLUSION: The majority of the information available online about avascular necrosis of the head of the femur is not at an appropriate reading level for the general population, and less than 20% of the most accessible information available online is accredited to be of sufficient quality to be providing advice to patients. Medical professionals must work together to improve health literacy among the patients encountered, and ensure recommendation of only reliable and accessible sources of information should patients ask for guidance on finding these resources.
    Keywords:  Avascular necrosis; Head of femur; Health literacy; Hip; Orthopaedic surgery; Reading level
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surge.2023.05.002
  15. Rev Gastroenterol Mex (Engl Ed). 2023 May 31. pii: S2255-534X(23)00064-6. [Epub ahead of print]
    YouTube® as a source of information for patients with gastrointestinal disease.
    J Bandera Quijano.
      
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rgmxen.2023.05.007
  16. Arch Ital Urol Androl. 2023 05 30. 11404
    Analysis of transurethral resection of prostate videos on YouTube™: Educational quality assessment.
    Yavuz Karaca, Emre Burak Sahinler, Didar Ilke Karaca, Orhun Sinanoglu.
      BACKGROUND: Our aim was to evaluate the educational value of transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) videos on YouTube.METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted for TURP videos on YouTube. Based on the Laparoscopic Surgery Video Educational Guidelines we created a checklist which includes 20 items for evaluation of the videos. IBM SPSS statistics was used for analysis.
    RESULTS: A total of 104 surgical videos were assessed. The mean view count was 15647.3 (21-324.522, SD 47556.4). Video image quality found as low for 57.7% of videos. Both staff (76%) and resident (75%) rated most of the videos low educational quality. No statistically significant difference was found between staff's total points (mean 4.35 ± SD 2.9) and resident's total points (mean 4.63 ± SD 3.3) (p: 0.761). Positive correlation was found between view count and staff's total points (r: 0.242 p < 0.05), resident's total points (r: 0.340 p < 0.01). There was also positive correlation between number of likes and staff's total points (r: 0.375 p < 0.01) and resident's total points (r: 0.466 p < 0.01).
    CONCLUSIONS: Most TURP surgical videos on YouTube are low quality. Higher educational quality videos with detailed explanation of the procedure are needed on this subject. We believe this study could be a guide for future high quality TURP videos.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2023.11404
  17. Arch Ital Urol Androl. 2023 05 29. 11341
    Telemedicine and YouTube™: Video quality analysis before and after COVID-19 pandemic.
    Vincenzo Mirone, Marco Abate, Giovanni Maria Fusco, Luigi Cirillo, Luigi Napolitano, Simone Morra, Francesco Di Bello, Gianluigi Califano, Claudia Mirone, Roberto La Rocca, Massimiliano Creta, Giuseppe Celentano, Marco Capece, Francesco Mangiapia, Nicola Longo, Claudia Collà Ruvolo.
      OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality content of YouTube™ videos on telemedicine during COVID-19 pandemic.MATERIALS AND METHODS: First, the frequency of worldwide YouTube™ and Google™ searches for telemedicine was analyzed. Second, we queried YouTube™ with telemedicine-related terms. Third, the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Audiovisual Materials (PEMAT A/V), the Global Quality Score (GQS), and the Misinformation tool were used for the quality assessment.
    RESULTS: According to selection criteria, 129 videos were collected for the analysis. From January 2018 to January 2022, the peak relative interest on YouTube™ and Google™ occurred in March 2020. Of all, 27.1 and 72.9% were uploaded before (Jan 2018-Feb 2020) and after (Mar 2020-Mar 2022) the COVID-19 outbreak, respectively. According to the PEMAT A/V, the overall median understandability and actionability was 50.0% (33.3 [IQR 0-66.7] vs 50.0 [27.1-75], p = 0.2) and 66.7% (63.6 [IQR 50.0-75.7] vs 67.9 [50.0-79.2],p = 0.6), respectively. According to GQS, 3.9%, 17.8%, 24.0%, 26.4% and 27.9% were classified as excellent, good, medium, generally poor, and poor-quality videos, respectively. The highest rate of poor-quality videos was recorded in videos uploaded before COVID-19 pandemic (37.1 vs 24.5%). According to overall misinformation score, a higher score was recorded for the videos uploaded after COVID-19 pandemic (1.8 [IQR 1.4-2.3] vs 2.2 [1.8-2.8], p = 0.01).
    CONCLUSIONS: The interest in telemedicine showed a significant peak when the COVID-19 pandemic was declared. However, the contents provided on YouTubeTM were not informative enough. In the future, official medical institutions should standardize telemedicine regulation and online content to reduce the widespread of misleading information.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2023.11341
  18. Digit Health. 2023 Jan-Dec;9:9 20552076231177131
    COVID-19 misinformation on YouTube: An analysis of its impact and subsequent online information searches for verification.
    Sabrina Heike Kessler, Edda Humprecht.
      Objectives: COVID-19 vaccination misinformation on YouTube can have negative effects on users. Some, after being exposed to such misinformation, may search online for information that either debunks or confirms it. This study's objective is to examine the impact of YouTube videos spreading misinformation about COVID-19 vaccination and the influencing variables, as well as subsequent information seeking and its effect on attitudes toward vaccination.Methods: In this observational and survey study, we used a three-group pre-test and post-tests design (N = 106 participants). We examined the effects of YouTube videos containing misinformation about COVID-19 vaccination on attitudes toward vaccination via surveys, employed screen recordings with integrated eye tracks to examine subsequent online information searches, and again surveyed participants to examine the effects of the individual searches on their attitudes.
    Results: Receiving misinformation via video tended to have negative effects, mostly on unvaccinated participants. After watching the video, they believed and trusted less in the effectiveness of the vaccines. Internet searches led to more positive attitudes toward vaccination, regardless of vaccination status or prior beliefs. The valences of search words entered and search duration were independent of the participants' prior attitudes. Misinforming content was rarely selected and perceived (read). In general, participants were more likely to perceive supportive and mostly neutral information about vaccination.
    Conclusion: Misinformation about COVID-19 vaccination on YouTube can have a negative impact on recipients. Unvaccinated citizens in particular are a vulnerable group to online misinformation; therefore, it is important to take action against misinformation on YouTube. One approach could be to motivate users to verify online content by doing their own information search on the internet, which led to positive results in the study.
    Keywords:  COVID-19 vaccination; Misinformation; YouTube; eye tracking; internet search behavior; vaccination attitudes
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076231177131
  19. J Pak Med Assoc. 2022 Dec;72(12): 2427-2431
    Reliability and accuracy of varicocoele videos in YouTube.
    Cagri Dogan, Haci Murat Akgul, Mehmet Fatih Sahin, Anil Keles.
      OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the scientific impact of videos about varicocoele on YouTube.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Turkey in September 2020, and comprised YouTube videos related to varicocoele. The videos were divided into 2 groups according to their reliability and accuracy using the European Association of Urology Sexual and Reproductive Guidelines 2020. A 5-point modified reliability (DISCERN) tool, Global Quality Score, and Journal of the American Medical Association scores of each video were calculated. The user's engagements by total views, video-related comments, and "likes" and "dislikes" to the videos were compared. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
    Results: Of the 151 videos assessed, 73(48.34%) were included; 36(49.3%) reliable and 37(50.7%) unreliable. All scores were significantly higher for reliable videos (p<0.05). The mean number of views was 108448±90567 for reliable and 392626±895897 for unreliable videos (p=0.044). The rates of "likes" and "dislikes" were similar between the groups, whereas the comment rate was significantly higher for reliable videos (p<0.05). Most of the videos 40(54.8%) were uploaded by medical advertisements or for-profit companies, while those uploaded by universities or professional organisations were 19(26%).
    CONCLUSIONS: Nearly half of the varicocoele-related videos on YouTube were unreliable, and the reliability of videos was not directly related to their popularity.
    Keywords:   Social media, Ethics, Misinformation, Varicocoele, Internet.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.4342
  20. Ther Adv Ophthalmol. 2023 Jan-Dec;15:15 25158414231174143
    YouTube as a source of patient information for pterygium surgery.
    Cem Ozturkmen, Mustafa Berhuni.
      Background: Patients use the YouTube platform to get information about pterygium surgery, and this affects the treatment decisions of the patients.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality and reliability of YouTube videos as educational resources about pterygium surgery.
    Design: This is a register-based retrospective study.
    Methods: This was a retrospective, record-based study. A YouTube search was performed using the terms 'pterygium surgery' and 'pterygium eye surgery', resulting in the evaluation of a total of 200 videos. In the end, 122 English-language videos about pterygium surgery were recruited to study. All videos were rated with the DISCERN, the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), and the Global Quality Score (GQS) systems.
    Results: The mean DISCERN, JAMA, and GQS values were 38.9 ± 10.9, 1.8 ± 0.8, and 2.2 ± 1, respectively. The YouTube videos about pterygium surgery had been uploaded by a physician in 63 (51.6%) and non-physicians in 59 (48.4%) cases. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of general characteristics and scores.
    Conclusions: Our results show that YouTube videos about pterygium surgery have low quality and credibility and are not sufficient in terms of providing patient information.
    Registration: Not applicable.
    Keywords:  DISCERN; Global Quality Score; Journal of the American Medical Association; YouTube; pterygium surgery
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/25158414231174143
  21. Matern Child Health J. 2023 May 31.
    Analysis of YouTube© Videos Regarding Breastfeeding During the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic.
    Merve Azak, Büşra Yılmaz, Nevin Şahin.
      INTRODUCTION: During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, which has significantly impacted public health, it is crucial to raise awareness and access to accurate information about breastfeeding for healthy growth and development. This descriptive study aimed to evaluate the content, reliability, and quality of YouTube videos on COVID-19 and breastfeeding.METHODS: The YouTube platform was searched for the English keywords "COVID-19" and "breastfeeding" in March 2021. A total of 325 videos were reached. Two independent researchers analyzed the content of 43 videos that met the inclusion criteria. The content quality of the videos was evaluated using the COVID-19 and Breastfeeding Score, which was prepared by researchers in line with international guidelines, the reliability of the videos was analyzed using the DISCERN, and the content quality was evaluated using the Global Quality Score (GQS).
    RESULTS: The majority (72.1%) of the 43 videos included in the study were informative. In terms of the video origins, most had been uploaded in the U.S., and most had been created by news agencies or physicians. Using the DISCERN tool, 32.6% of videos scored 5 points, and 37.2% of videos scored five points using the GQS tool. Videos grouped as informative scored significantly higher than those grouped as misleading. The GQSs for the videos featuring parents were significantly lower than those for the videos featuring physicians or other healthcare professionals.
    DISCUSSION: During the COVID-19 pandemic, YouTube videos served as an essential and easily accessible source of information about breastfeeding for mothers concerned about various aspects of the disease. This study showed that videos on breastfeeding and COVID-19 have high view rates but low quality and low reliability.
    Keywords:  Breastfeeding; COVID-19; Pandemic; Video; YouTube
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-023-03722-4
  22. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2023 May 30. pii: S1058-2746(23)00416-0. [Epub ahead of print]
    What Are Patients Asking and Reading Online? An Analysis of Online Patient Searches for Rotator Cuff Repair.
    Lafi S Khalil, Joshua P Castle, Noel O Akioyamen, Matthew Corsi, Nicholas D Cominos, Michael Dubé, T Sean Lynch.
      BACKGROUND: Patients undergoing rotator cuff surgery often search the internet for information regarding the procedure. One popular source, Google, compiles frequently asked questions and links to websites that may provide answers. This study provides an analysis of the most frequently searched questions associated with rotator cuff surgery. We hypothesize that there are distinct search patterns associated with online queries about rotator cuff surgery that could provide unique insights into patient concerns.METHODS: A set of search terms were entered into Google Web Search using a clean-install Google Chrome browser. Frequently associated questions and their webpages were extracted to a database via a data mining extension. Questions were categorized by topics relevant for rotator cuff arthroscopy. Websites were categorized by source and scored for quality utilizing JAMA Benchmark criteria. Pearson's chi-squared tests were used to analyze nominal data. Student t-tests were performed to compare JAMA Benchmark Scores.
    RESULTS: Of the 595 questions generated from the initial search, 372 unique questions associated with 293 websites were extracted and categorized. The most popular question topics were Activities/Restrictions (20.7%), Pain (18.8%), and Indications/Management (13.2%). The two most common websites searched were Academic (35.2%) and Medical Practice (27.4%). Commercial websites were significantly more likely to be associated with questions about cost (57.1% of all Cost questions, P = 0.01), Anatomy/Function (62.5%, P = 0.001), and Evaluation of Surgery (47.6%, P < 0.001). Academic websites were more likely to be associated with questions about Technical Details of Surgery (58.1%, P < 0.001). Medical Practice and Social Media websites were more likely associated with activities/restrictions (48.1%, P < 0.001, and 15.6%, P < 0.001, respectively). Government websites were more likely associated with timeline of recovery (12.8%, P = 0.01). On a scale of 0-4, Commercial and Academic websites had the highest JAMA scores (3.06 and 2.39, respectively).
    CONCLUSION: Patients seeking information regarding rotator cuff repair primarily utilize the Google search engine to ask questions regarding postoperative activity and restrictions, followed by pain, indications, and management. Academic websites, which were associated with technical details of surgery, and medical practice websites, which were associated with activities/restrictions, were the two most commonly searched resources. These results emphasize the need for orthopedic surgeons to provide detailed and informative instructions to patients undergoing rotator cuff repair, especially in the postoperative setting.
    Keywords:  health literacy; machine learning; online health information; patient education; rotator cuff repair; shoulder arthroscopy
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2023.04.021
  23. J Biomed Semantics. 2023 Jun 01. 14(1): 6
    Features of a FAIR vocabulary.
    Fuqi Xu, Nick Juty, Carole Goble, Simon Jupp, Helen Parkinson, Mélanie Courtot.
      BACKGROUND: The Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable(FAIR) Principles explicitly require the use of FAIR vocabularies, but what precisely constitutes a FAIR vocabulary remains unclear. Being able to define FAIR vocabularies, identify features of FAIR vocabularies, and provide assessment approaches against the features can guide the development of vocabularies.RESULTS: We differentiate data, data resources and vocabularies used for FAIR, examine the application of the FAIR Principles to vocabularies, align their requirements with the Open Biomedical Ontologies principles, and propose FAIR Vocabulary Features. We also design assessment approaches for FAIR vocabularies by mapping the FVFs with existing FAIR assessment indicators. Finally, we demonstrate how they can be used for evaluating and improving vocabularies using exemplary biomedical vocabularies.
    CONCLUSIONS: Our work proposes features of FAIR vocabularies and corresponding indicators for assessing the FAIR levels of different types of vocabularies, identifies use cases for vocabulary engineers, and guides the evolution of vocabularies.
    Keywords:  FAIR assessment; FAIR principles; Ontology; Vocabulary
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1186/s13326-023-00286-8
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