bims-mithem Biomed News
on Mitochondria in Hematopoiesis
Issue of 2026–04–05
two papers selected by
Tim van Tienhoven, Erasmus Medical Center



  1. Exp Hematol. 2026 Mar 30. pii: S0301-472X(26)00058-5. [Epub ahead of print] 105425
      How the cellular state of senescence manifests in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is currently poorly understood and likely orchestrated by a complex interplay of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as genetic instability, epigenetic reprograming, alterations in the stem cell niche and metabolic dysregulation. Accumulating senescence may contribute to the age-related functional decline of HSCs, which manifests as reduced self-renewal, impaired differentiation, altered hematopoietic regenerative potential, expansion of dysfunctional HSC clones, and increased susceptibility to hematological disorders. Recent work has advanced our understanding of the molecular hallmarks and signaling pathways that contribute to HSC senescence, nominating promising therapeutic targets to ameliorate age-associated hematopoietic dysfunction and malignancy. Here, we review the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that likely contribute to HSC senescence during homeostasis and pathological conditions. We further summarize senescence targeting strategies that may be leveraged to mitigate HSC senescence and restore hematopoietic function during aging or hematologic disease.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exphem.2026.105425
  2. Stem Cell Reports. 2026 Apr 02. pii: S2213-6711(26)00080-9. [Epub ahead of print] 102869
      With population aging, chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) is a severe complication in elderly cancer patients, yet effective preventive and therapeutic strategies remain limited. Here, we demonstrate that dietary restriction (DR) significantly mitigates 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced thrombocytopenia and promotes platelet recovery in both young and aged mice. Mechanistically, DR improves mitochondrial homeostasis in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and enhances their hematopoietic reconstitution capacity. This preconditioning facilitates mitochondrial activation after chemotherapy, thereby promoting megakaryocytic lineage recovery. Pharmacological mitochondrial activation in ad libitum-fed mice mimics the protective effects of DR, whereas mitochondrial inhibition in DR-treated mice markedly attenuates these benefits. Clinically, cancer patients with lower pre-chemotherapy body mass index ([BMI] 18.5-22.95 kg/m2) showed a lower incidence of CIT following 5-FU treatment than those with higher BMI. Together, we show that short-term DR significantly mitigates CIT and that targeting mitochondria may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for CIT in elderly cancer patients.
    Keywords:  aging; chemotherapy; dietary restriction; mitochondria; thrombocytopenia
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stemcr.2026.102869