bims-resufa 2023-10-15 papers

Issue of 2023‒10‒15
two papers selected by
Gavin McStay, Liverpool John Moores University

EMBO Rep. 2023 Oct 12. e57092

The functional significance of mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplexes.

Andreas Kohler, Antoni Barrientos, Flavia Fontanesi, Martin Ott.

The mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) is a key energy transducer in eukaryotic cells. Four respiratory chain complexes cooperate in the transfer of electrons derived from various metabolic pathways to molecular oxygen, thereby establishing an electrochemical gradient over the inner mitochondrial membrane that powers ATP synthesis. This electron transport relies on mobile electron carries that functionally connect the complexes. While the individual complexes can operate independently, they are in situ organized into large assemblies termed respiratory supercomplexes. Recent structural and functional studies have provided some answers to the question of whether the supercomplex organization confers an advantage for cellular energy conversion. However, the jury is still out, regarding the universality of these claims. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on the functional significance of MRC supercomplexes, highlight experimental limitations, and suggest potential new strategies to overcome these obstacles.

Keywords: Mitochondria; bioenergetics; electron transfer; respiratory chain; supercomplexes

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15252/embr.202357092

Elife. 2023 Oct 12. pii: RP88084. [Epub ahead of print]12

Structural rather than catalytic role for mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplexes.

Michele Brischigliaro, Alfredo Cabrera-Orefice, Susanne Arnold, Carlo Viscomi, Massimo Zeviani, Erika Fernández-Vizarra.

Mammalian mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) complexes are able to associate into quaternary structures named supercomplexes (SCs), which normally coexist with non-bound individual complexes. The functional significance of SCs has not been fully clarified and the debate has been centered on whether or not they confer catalytic advantages compared with the non-bound individual complexes. Mitochondrial respiratory chain organization does not seem to be conserved in all organisms. In fact, and differently from mammalian species, mitochondria from Drosophila melanogaster tissues are characterized by low amounts of SCs, despite the high metabolic demands and MRC activity shown by these mitochondria. Here, we show that attenuating the biogenesis of individual respiratory chain complexes was accompanied by increased formation of stable SCs, which are missing in Drosophila melanogaster in physiological conditions. This phenomenon was not accompanied by an increase in mitochondrial respiratory activity. Therefore, we conclude that SC formation is necessary to stabilize the complexes in suboptimal biogenesis conditions, but not for the enhancement of respiratory chain catalysis.

Keywords: D. melanogaster; Drosophila; Mitochondria; OXPHOS; biochemistry; chemical biology; supercomplexes

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.88084